Contentious Borderlands? Reflections on Co-existence, Belonging, and Shared Histories at the India-Pakistan Border.

Abstract

This paper will examine how these South Asian communities particularly the “Pakistani-Hindus” navigate dual loyalties, state-imposed restrictions, and shifting national identities. How do tribal groups preserve linguistic, artistic, and ritualistic continuities despite border enforcement? What role does religion play in shaping both persecution and solidarity within these communities? The paper will particularly focus on religious minorities—such as ‘Hindu tribes’ in Sindh & Southern Punjab province facing persecution in Pakistan and Muslim pastoral groups in Rajasthan and Gujarat facing marginalisation in India—highlighting their struggles for belonging and security.